The scheme she's wearing is USN Ms. 16 - The Thayer Blue Scheme. It consisted of White (5-U) and Thayer Blue (5-B) on the vertical surfaces and Deck Blue (20-B) on the horizontal surfaces with or without patches of Ocean Gray (5-O). I've seen sheets and photos of the decks sporting just 20-B and others with both; depends on the ship. It was designed for use in Arctic environments close to the poles due to the unique lighting conditions and subs would attack mostly on the surface. A lot of USCG cutters operating around Greenland, Iceland, and Northern Canada wore this scheme as well as a select few USN destroyers and even a light cruiser at times.
The number-letter combos in parenthesis are the color designations. You'll see these on the paint chips and other documents more often than the names if you go looking for info on them.
WEM makes all the colors in their colourcoats line of enamel paints. If you want to use acrylics you'll have to do some mixing of colors. I've found that Model Master USN Blue-Gray M85 works for Thayer Blue IF you add a lot of white to it and lighten it up. Thayer Blue was a pale blue-gray to begin with so I'd assume that would work with anyone's blue gray bottles but I can only attest to Model Master.
I know you mentioned you were colorblind but here are some links to standard USN paint chips for your records. If you can get someone to help you mix the paint these will ensure its accuracy.
http://www.modelwarships.com/reviews/bo ... usn-1.html
http://www.modelwarships.com/reviews/bo ... usn-2.html
Hope that helps. Good luck with the kit. I've seen some examples of her in the gallery and she builds up nicely.
-Mike